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Ye Shall be Disentangled

Ye shall be holy, for I, the Lord, your G‑d, am holy. Leviticus 19:2 This Torah portion begins with an astonishing statement: Speak unto all the congregation of the children of Israel, and say unto them: Ye shall be holy; for I, the Lord, your G‑d, am holy. Leviticus 19:2 The gist of this commandment is “Be kadosh (or pl., kedoshim) because I, the Lord, your G‑d, am kadosh.” The question is, what does the word “kadosh” mean. It is usually translated as “holy.” The word “holy” means sacred, sanctified, blessed, divine. But this translation presents a problem. It would be a tautology to say that G‑d is divine. It is also self-understood that G‑d is holy. He is the definition and the source of all that is divine and holy, i.e., godly. [...]

By Alexander Poltorak|2019-05-08T09:58:17-04:00April 25th, 2014|Entanglement, G‑d, Kedoshim, Leviticus, Names of G‑d, Parshah, Pentateuch (Chumash), Space, Spirituality, Uncategorized, Vayikra, Wavefunction|0 Comments

Four Cups and Three Matzoth

On Seder night we drink four cups of wine and eat three matzoth. Why four cups and not three? Why three matzoth and not four? The same numerical relationship exists among our forefathers. We have the patriarchs – Avraham (Abraham), Yitzchak (Isaac) and Yaakov (Jacob). But we have four matriarchs – Sarah, Rivkah (Rebeca) Rachel, and Leah. This dynamics also manifests itself in the holiest name of G‑d – Tetragrammaton – Y‑H‑W‑H. Why does the four-letter Name have only three unique letters, Yud, Heh, and Vav? According to Sefer Yetzirah – a classic text of Kabbalah attributed to Abraham or to Rabbi Akiva – there are three letters of Hebrew Alef Bet called mothers: Alef, Mem, and Shin, which are considered to be “primary” letters. The three mothers represent the basic logical triad [...]

By Alexander Poltorak|2017-04-09T23:10:01-04:00April 20th, 2014|Freedom, Holidays (Yomim Tovim), Names of G‑d, Passover (Pesach), Science, Time, Uncategorized|1 Comment

From Purim to Passover

The Shulchan Aruch – the Code of Jewish Law – states that 30 days before Pesach (Passover) one needs to start learning the laws of Pesach. The simple meaning of this directive is clear – the laws are many and complicated and there is a lot to learn – so one needs to start early. There may be a deeper meaning in this, however. Let us recall that Pesach and Purim are exactly 30 days apart. To start learning about Pesach 30 days before, means to start learning about Pesach on Purim. Or, perhaps, the message is that from Purim we can learn about Pesach. The word Purim means “lot.” The story of Purim is about throwing lots. Evil Haman threw one lot to choose a month for the pogrom against Jews of [...]

By Alexander Poltorak|2017-04-10T15:36:48-04:00April 19th, 2014|Freedom, Passover (Pesach), Purim, Randomness, Uncategorized, Yom Kippur|0 Comments

Pesach – Time of our Freedom

The holiday of Passover – Pesach – is called zman cheruteinu– time of our freedom. As we have discussed many times on this blog (see Interpreting Dreams; It’s the time, stupid! Carpe Diem; Mezuzah and Time; Riddle — the answer; Splitting the Sea), freedom can only be obtained by mastering time. Everything about celebrating Passover is related to time. It all starts on the Rosh Chodesh Nissan (the New Moon, the beginning of the month of Nissan – marked by the renewal of the monthly lunar cycle – during which we celebrate Passover). On that day, the very first commandment was given to the Jewish people – the commandment to set the calendar by the lunar cycle, i.e., the commandment of keeping time. Classical commentators ask: Why the Torah (which means “Instruction”) does not have as [...]

By Alexander Poltorak|2017-04-10T16:28:20-04:00April 18th, 2014|Freedom, G‑d, Holidays (Yomim Tovim), Names of G‑d, Passover (Pesach), Rosh Chodesh, Time, Uncategorized|0 Comments

Second Adar – The Month of Quantum Physics

Second Adar – The Month of Quantum Physics

Today is Rosh Chodesh Adar Bet – the New Moon and the beginning of the second month of Adar. If we ever to have a month commemorating quantum physics, there would be no more appropriate month for that than the second month of Adar – Adar Bet. A state of superposition is a physical state unique to quantum theory. In classical physics (such as Newtonian mechanics or thermodynamics) a physical system is either in one state or the other, say in a state A or a state B. Only in quantum physics a system can be in a blended state C which is a linear superposition of states A and B. For example, the spin of an electron can be either Up or Down. However, an electron can be in a blurred state of [...]

By Alexander Poltorak|2019-03-07T13:39:00-05:00March 3rd, 2014|Atomic Theory, Collapse of the wavefunction, Entanglement, G‑d, Names of G‑d, Purim, Quantum Theory, Randomness, Rosh Chodesh, Superposition, Time, Uncategorized, Uncertainty Principle|1 Comment

Thou Shall Not Be a Flipper

Reading the Haftorah this Shabbat brought to mind scenes from the 2004 Republican National Convention in Madison Square Garden in New York City where attendees where waving pictures of John Kerry chanting “Flip-flop, flip-flop…” referring to Kerry’s ever changing position on the war in Iraq (“First I voted for it, before I voted against it”) and other political issues. Former Governor of New York State, George Pataki, said there, “This year, we will win one for the Gipper, and they will lose one with the Flipper.” Kerry lost, as flippers usually do. This Haftorah (weekly portion of Prophets read publicly in Synagogues) starts with an astonishing statement of Elyahy Hanavi (Elijah the Prophet), “How long will you waver between two ideas? If the Lord is G‑d, follow Him, and if the Baal, follow him.” (Melachim-I [...]

By Alexander Poltorak|2014-02-18T22:04:11-05:00February 18th, 2014|Collapse of the wavefunction, Entanglement, Exodus (Shemot), G‑d, Ki Tisa, Parshah, Pentateuch (Chumash), Shemot, Superposition, Tanakh, Uncategorized, Wavefunction, Wavefunction of G‑d|0 Comments

Global or Local?

And let them make me a Sanctuary that I may dwell among them (Ex. 25:8) In modern physics, there are two paradigms usually expressed as locality and nonlocality. Theoretical physics was born when Isaac Newton published his Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica in 1687, where he formulated his laws of motion and the universal law of gravity. The law of gravity says that two masses attract each other proportionally to the product of their masses and inversely proportionally to the square of the distance between them. This law said nothing about the nature of the gravitational interaction, it did not explain the mechanism of this attraction at a distance. Newton was bothered by the question of how one body can act on another body far removed from it with nothing in between, i.e., the notion of “action [...]

By Alexander Poltorak|2019-02-06T16:45:19-05:00February 2nd, 2014|Exodus (Shemot), G‑d, Pentateuch (Chumash), Physics, Quantum Theory, Science, Shemot, Terumah, Uncategorized|3 Comments

Convergence of Science and Torah

Convergence of Science and Torah

The Torah portion of Yitro (Ex. 18), is the high point of the story of Exodus—the giving of the Decalogue on Mount Sinai. In a strange digression, the progressive narrative of the Exodus from Egypt is interrupted by the side story of Jethro (Yitro), the father-in-law of Moses, who comes to Sinai desert to join the Jewish nation. After hearing Moses’ account of all the miracles G‑d performed for Jewish people, Jethro exclaimed: Now I know that the Lord is greater than all deities. (Ex. 18:11) Jethro said confidently, “I know,” because, as the chief priest of Midian, he indeed knew all pagan cults and all deities worshiped in his time. Moreover, in antiquity, priests were expected to possess all secular knowledge as well (sadly, it is no longer the case). They needed to [...]

By Alexander Poltorak|2019-01-20T14:55:32-05:00January 20th, 2014|Exodus (Shemot), G‑d, Mashiach (Messiah), Parshah, Pentateuch (Chumash), Science, Shemot, Uncategorized, Yitro|2 Comments

Splitting of the Sea

Do you like riddles? Here is a riddle – what do these two figures represent in the context of Exodus? No Idea? How about a hint? Still no idea? Okay, here is the answer: Yes, the first figure represents two doorposts and the lintel marked with the blood of Passover sacrifice, as it says: וְלָקְחוּ, מִן-הַדָּם, וְנָתְנוּ עַל-שְׁתֵּי הַמְּזוּזֹת, וְעַל-הַמַּשְׁקוֹף--עַל, הַבָּתִּים, אֲשֶׁר-יֹאכְלוּ אֹתוֹ, בָּהֶם And they shall take of the blood, and put it on the two side-posts and on the lintel, upon the houses wherein they shall eat it. (Ex. 12:7) The second picture is of the splitting of the sea, as it says: וַיָּבֹאוּ בְנֵי-יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּתוֹךְ הַיָּם, בַּיַּבָּשָׁה; וְהַמַּיִם לָהֶם חוֹמָה, מִימִינָם וּמִשְּׂמֹאלָם And the children of Israel went into the midst of the sea upon the dry ground; and the [...]

By Alexander Poltorak|2019-01-16T05:59:50-05:00January 12th, 2014|Beshalach, Collapse of the wavefunction, Dreams, Entanglement, Exodus (Shemot), Parshah, Pentateuch (Chumash), Quantum Theory, Shemot, Superposition, Time, Uncategorized, Uncertainty Principle|0 Comments

Riddle — the answer

And the answer is... (drum roll, please) Yes, the first figure represents two doorposts and the lintel marked with blood of Passover sacrifice and circumcisions as is says: וְלָקְחוּ, מִן-הַדָּם, וְנָתְנוּ עַל-שְׁתֵּי הַמְּזוּזֹת, וְעַל-הַמַּשְׁקוֹף--עַל, הַבָּתִּים, אֲשֶׁר-יֹאכְלוּ אֹתוֹ, בָּהֶם And they shall take of the blood, and put it on the two side-posts and on the lintel, upon the houses wherein they shall eat it. (Ex. 12:7) The second picture is of the splitting of the sea, as it says: וַיָּבֹאוּ בְנֵי-יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּתוֹךְ הַיָּם, בַּיַּבָּשָׁה; וְהַמַּיִם לָהֶם חוֹמָה, מִימִינָם וּמִשְּׂמֹאלָם And the children of Israel went into the midst of the sea upon the dry ground; and the waters were a wall unto them on their right hand, and on their left. (Ex. 14:22) And both have to do with time. But this is a [...]

By Alexander Poltorak|2014-01-11T23:39:35-05:00January 10th, 2014|Beshalach, Bo, Exodus (Shemot), Parshah, Pentateuch (Chumash), Shemot, Time, Uncategorized|0 Comments

Riddle — a hint

There were some good ideas expressed in the comments. Close, but no cigars. Here are some hints for you folks: 1. These two pictures express ideas described in the current and the previous sidrot (weekly Torah portions); 2. Don't focus on the differences in these pictures, focus on similarities. 3. The answer has to be expressed in two psukim (verses) -- one from the last parshah and the other from the current parshah describing each respective picture. 4. Last but not least, here are these pictures again with some details:

By Alexander Poltorak|2014-01-10T11:57:37-05:00January 10th, 2014|Beshalach, Bo, Exodus (Shemot), Parshah, Pentateuch (Chumash), Shemot, Uncategorized|0 Comments

Riddle

I've never done this before on this blog, so this a first — a riddle: What do these two figures represent? Please post your answers in the Comment area.

By Alexander Poltorak|2014-01-09T21:51:13-05:00January 9th, 2014|Beshalach, Bo, Parshah, Shemot, Uncategorized|5 Comments

Mezuzah and Time

Bo: Exodus 10:1 – 14:16 The Erev Shabbat parshat Bo (the Eve of Sabbath of the week when we read the Torah section Bo) 2014 was my lucky day – I seem to have found an answer to a nagging question of many years. During several years from 1989 to 1996, I had been working on a book on Mezuzah. This was not a book about halachot (ritual laws) of mezuzah – there were many books on that subject – this was a book about the meaning of mezuah – its significance in Jewish history, philosophy, ethics, and mysticism. By 1996, the book was finished and I signed a contract with the leading publisher of English Judaica – Jason Aronson. I was supposed to deliver the finished manuscript in a few months, but [...]

By Alexander Poltorak|2017-02-02T22:34:18-05:00January 5th, 2014|Bo, Exodus (Shemot), G‑d, Names of G‑d, Parshah, Pentateuch (Chumash), Shemot, Time, Uncategorized|0 Comments

Carpe Diem

Carpe Diem

As we have discussed in the post, It’s the time, stupid, Pharaoh never got the message that it’s all about mastery of time. To make sure Jews did get this message, G‑d gave them the very first commandment—the commandment of keeping time, of marking new months: This month shall be unto you the beginning of months; it shall be the first month of the year to you.(Ex. 12: 2) It is important to note that Jews were not only commanded to keep time, they were commanded to “make” time. Indeed, in Biblical times, the new month was not calculated according to a calendar, as it is done today, it was proclaimed by a Bet Din (an ecclesiastic court) based on the testimony of two live witnesses, who observed [...]

By Alexander Poltorak|2018-01-19T06:54:12-05:00January 2nd, 2014|Bo, Collapse of the wavefunction, Exodus (Shemot), Holidays (Yomim Tovim), Omer, Parshah, Passover (Pesach), Pentateuch (Chumash), Quantum Theory, Rosh HaShanah, Shabbat, Shavuot, Shemot, Spirituality, Superposition, Time, Uncategorized, Wavefunction, Witnesses|0 Comments

It’s the Time, Stupid!

It’s the Time, Stupid!

There is a continuous thread about the mastery of time that weaves through the last chapters of the book of Genesis (Bereshit) and continues through the beginning of the book of Exodus (Shemot). The story of Joseph’s incarceration ends with his successful interpretation of the dreams of the Pharaoh’s chief butler and the chief baker. Joseph's genius was not only in interpreting ordinary objects (tendrils of grapes and baskets of bread) as symbols of the units of time but in understanding that the engagement in time (manifested in the chief butler’s personally squeezing the grapes into the cup and placing the cup in Pharaoh’s hand) symbolized life for the chief butler and the passivity of the chief baker (who dreamt of baskets of bread sitting on his head, with birds eating from the baskets) [...]

By Alexander Poltorak|2021-01-14T23:27:27-05:00December 31st, 2013|Dreams, Exodus (Shemot), Parshah, Pentateuch (Chumash), Time, Uncategorized, Vayeira|0 Comments

Sensing Spirituality

Sensing Spirituality

It is unsurprising, then, that spiritual phenomena have never been experimentally detected in a laboratory setting. Spirituality, by definition, is non-physical. Consequently, no physical laboratory equipment can detect anything spiritual; it is inherently "neutral" to it. Physical elements do not interact with the spiritual, much like a neutron does not couple with an electromagnetic field, or an electron with a strong nuclear field. So, what does interact with spirituality? Only spirituality itself.

By Alexander Poltorak|2024-01-11T23:24:50-05:00December 25th, 2013|G‑d, Parshah, Proves of G‑d, Shemot, Spirituality, Uncategorized, Vayeira|0 Comments

I Am Who I Am: Conversation at the Burning Bush

I Am Who I Am: Conversation at the Burning Bush

…And behold, the thorn bush was burning with fire, but the thorn bush was not being consumed." (Ex. 3:2) Every theologian worth his salt along with many philosophers, from Plato and Aristotle to Descartes and Kant, attempted to prove the existence of G‑d. Tomas Aquinas, for instance, offered not just one but five “proofs”! Others, such as Hume and Nietzsche, tried proving the opposite. Little did they understand that proving the existence (or nonexistence) of G‑d is a fool’s errand. Here are at least ten reasons why G‑d's existence cannot be proven (or disproven): The existence of G‑d cannot be proven because… G‑d doesn’t “exist,” not in the ordinary sense of existence anyway. One can say that something exists only so long as it may exist or may not. By stating that something [...]

By Alexander Poltorak|2024-01-04T11:21:39-05:00December 23rd, 2013|G‑d, Names of G‑d, Parshah, Proves of G‑d, Shemot, Shemot, Uncategorized|1 Comment

Moses — the First Scientist

Moses — the First Scientist

And the angel of the Eternal appeared unto him in a flame of fire out of the midst of a bush; and he looked, and, behold, the bush burned with fire, and the bush was not consumed. And Moses said: "I must turn aside, and investigate this wondrous phenomenon, why the bush is not burnt." Exodus 3:2-3 In this Torah chapter, Moses sees a strange sight – a burning bush not consumed by fire. His scientific curiosity is aroused and he does what any good scientist would do—he goes to investigate this “wondrous phenomenon.” Moses was the first scientist recorded by the Bible. We, scientists, chase after wondrous phenomena to investing their nature. However, we often do it with arrogance, caring our own agenda and preconceptions. Torah teaches us otherwise, as G‑d warns [...]

By Alexander Poltorak|2021-01-09T23:20:24-05:00December 21st, 2013|Parshah, Science, Shemot, Shemot, Uncategorized|2 Comments

Interpreting Dreams

Interpreting Dreams

In the Torah portion Vayeishev (Gen. 37:1–40:23), we read about Joseph interpreting dreams of the Pharaoh’s chief butler and the chief baker: And the chief butler told his dream to Joseph, and said to him: “In my dream, behold, a vine was before me; and in the vine were three tendrils...” And Joseph said unto him: “This is the interpretation of it: the three tendrils are three days.” (Gen. 40:9-12) How did Joseph know that three tendrils are three days? The story repeats itself with the chief baker: When the chief baker saw that the interpretation was good, he said unto Joseph: “I also saw in my dream, and, behold, three baskets of white bread were on my head…” “This is the interpretation thereof: the three baskets are three days.” (Gen. 40:16-18) Joseph interpreting [...]

By Alexander Poltorak|2020-12-10T23:14:45-05:00November 24th, 2013|Bereshit, Dreams, Genesis, Miketz, Parshah, Pentateuch (Chumash), Time, Uncategorized, Vayeshev|3 Comments

Body Chemistry

Body Chemistry

Reading the Torah, sometimes, can give a false impression of reading a story, albeit the greatest story ever written. This Divine drama involves colorful characters, sophisticated plots, jealousy, sibling rivalry, deception, struggle, suffering, and every human emotion. The profound insight brought to light by the Kabbalah—the esoteric interpretation of Torah—was the realization that the human drama played out by Biblical characters is also a mashal—a metaphor or an allegory—that alludes to spiritual forces interacting in higher worlds. Actually, from the point of view of Jewish mysticism, whatever happens down here, first takes place in the spiritual worlds and only later[1] manifests itself in the physical realm. Every Biblical hero, from the point of view of the Kabbalah, is an embodiment and personification of a supernal spiritual archetype. Thus, physical Abraham, in the Kabbalah mysticism, is [...]

By Alexander Poltorak|2020-11-27T10:24:10-05:00November 11th, 2013|Atomic Theory, Parshah, Uncategorized, Vayetze|1 Comment

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